Combined eccentric and concentric turning apparatus



Ju1 1s,1933.' I R N A P 1,918,131

COMBINED E CCENTRIC AND CONCENTRIC TURNINGAPPARATUS Filed Feb. 24,- 1931 s Sheets-Sheet 1' ATTORNEY July 18, 1933-. w. F. GR OENE Er'AL. 8,

COMBINED ECCENTRIC AND CONCENTRIC' TURNING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 24, 1931 s Sheets-:Sheet 2" July 18, 1933. w. F. GROENE EI'AL 1,

COMBINED ECCENTRIC AND CONCENTRIC TURNING-APPARATUS Filed Feb. 24, 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 l ENT 5 ATTORNEY July 18, 1933. w. F. GROENE ETAL 1,918,331

cousnign EccENTRIc AND CONCENTRIC TURNING APIARATUS Filed Feb. 24, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 a "i" In I July 18, I933. f w. F. GROENE El AL COIBIN ED ECCFNTRIC AND CONCENTRIC TURNING AP PARATU S Filed Feb. 24, 1931 s Sheets-Sheet 5 OW mn QNIRI MN nw v! mm M -m MMIIWIIWM m y l N M 1. w gm mu 7 5? ATTORNEY l'atented July 13,1933

UNITED STATES PATENT orr ca mm 1'. (mom AND an'rnun' w. nurnnnm, or cmcnnu'rr, onto, ASSIGIOBI we ran a. x. m aroma ucnnm 'roor. comm, or G INCIN NATI, euro, 4 con.-

PORLTIOH OF OHIO OOHBINED ECCENT'BIG AND CONOENTBIO TURNING arraaa'rus.

Application ma rem-M1 24, 1931. Serial no. mass.

This invention relates to lathes or similar turning apparatus, and more especially to apparatus for eccentric turning; and, as exemplified herein, is embodied as an attache ment for an automatic lathe such as that disclosed in the co-pending application, Ser.-

No. 128,818, filed August 12, 1926.

The object of our invention is to turn surfaces eccentric to each other, as, for example, the axle and steering knuckle shown herein, all at one time and with one setting of the piece. A further object is to provide such apparatus to fit upon and be driven by a lathe of the kind mentioned, with a mimmum of disturbance and replacement of parts, either of the lathe or of the'apparatus.

Other objects will appear in the course of the following description.

An embodiment of our invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which: l

Figure 1 is a frontelevation of an auto matic lathe equipped with our turning device, I

Figure 2 is a tail end elevation of the device, parts. of the lathe bed and slides appearing iii section on the plane of the line 2, 2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 "s an enlargement of part of the view of Figure 2. v n

Figure 4 is a longitudinal section on line 4-4 of Fig. 3 of the tool setting slide and slide 160. and it's co-acting members.

Figure 4a is a detail perspective view of one of the saddle cams.-

Figure 5 is a rear end elevation'of the upper part of the turning device, that is,.

this view shows the end opposite to that shown in Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a plan view of the tool holders andthe tools fol-concentric turning of the I work.

Figure is an upright section on the plane of thejline 7, 7 of Figure 2 or Fig. 3.

Figure 8is a side e evation of .a steering knuckle axle as finished by our turning 22 device. Figure 9 Haunted on the bed 1 of the latheare the is front end elevation of the .and 12, drlven by respective headstock 2 and the tailstock 3, and themotor'xtis mounted on the headstock for driving the lathe s indle 5 and various other operating parts 0 the lathe, by means of the bearing 6. As best shown in Fig.8, a front housing or saddle 7, movable parallel with the lathe axis on the lower and 3p r front shears 1a and 1b of the lathe on ways inclined rearward and down to the 'middle ofthe bed; and the rear housing orsaddle 9 is fixed on the lower and u per rear shears 1c and 1d ofthe lathe by means of clamp 9' on the lower shear 1c, and carries the rear tool-setting slide 10 on wa s from their driving gear train 6 at the head f end of the bed.

The front cam drum 11 has its cam surface 14 bearing against a roller15, journaled on an upright axis of a block 15a, clamped carries the front tool setting slide 8 to the lower front shear in of the bed, and adapted to be adjusted therealong. In the upper parts'of the saddles 7 and 10, slides 16. and 16a, respectively, are mounted to slide parallel with the lathe axis and have fixed on their tops, form bars Y17 and 17a, by means of'plates 18 and 18a, re spectively; the rear plate:18a having its rear edge exten'ded back with rack teeth'19 therein. Referring to the front and rear'tool setting slides 8.

and 10, each slide'has on its bottom a pair of rollers 17b, bearing against the opposite lateral edges of the respective form bar'17 or 170. Bearing in the rear saddle 9 is a frontto-rear pinion shaft 20, having fixed on its a front or'inner end a spur ear 21,"meshing upwardly with the rack tee 19, and'havingfixed on its. rear or outer end a spur pinion The spindle'5 (Figure 7) has a concentric flange 23, and an extension 24 has at one end a flange 25 fitting around and bolted to the spindle 23,.the main part of this extension 24 bein eccentric to the axis of the spindle 5. Em racing this eccentric extension 24 is the front end part of the tool frame 26, by means of half bearings 27 and 28 and caps 29 and 30 bolted to the res ective ed part 33 on whic and a locking ring 35, the latter locking the ring 34 in close contact with the other side of the bushing 31. This construction securely maintains'the front end of the tool frame 26 .against axial displacement. The tail end part of the extension 24, receiving the bearing 28, is enough smaller than the threaded portion 33 to allow the rings 24 and-35 to be passed threaded portion 33.

A rear bracket 36 is secured to the top of the rear saddle 9 by bolts 36', and supports at its rear a pair of bearings 37 for a in 38 parallel with the lathe axis. A linli 39 has its lower end 40 embracing this shaft 38 between the bearings 37, and has its upper end bifurcated, forming a pair of bearings 41. The rear portion of the tool frame 26 has a rearwardly projecting bearing bracket 42 between the link bearings 41, with a pin 43 passing through these bearings 41 and 42.

Thus, the rear end part of the tool frame 26 is linked to the rear bracket 36 and rear saddle 9, this link connection being so proportioned as to maintain the position of the .rear part of the tool frame 26, as shown in Figures 2 an 1 3, at all points of travel of its front end, in the orbital path described by the extension 24 on the spindle 5.

The tool frame 26 has in the tail side of its front upright extension 44 a slideway 45, in which is mounted a tool slide 46, having a tool holder 47. Adjustable lengthwise in this tool holder 47 by a screw 47 and clamp-- ed by a screw 47", is a tool 48, preferably inclining inwardly toward the spindle 5 in its downward extent. In the front-to-rear part 49 of the tool carrier 26 is a second slideway 50, in which is mounted a tool slide 51, and a tool 52 is adjustable lengthwise in this tool slide by a screw 51 and clamped by a screw 51". In the bottom of this tool carrier 26, near its rear end, is a slideway 53 parallel with the lathe axis,3in which slideway 53 is mounted aslide 54 having in its top a front-to-rear slot.55,

over which this part of the tool frame 26 has a slot 56 lengthwise of the slideway 53. On the bottom of this slide 54 are depending lugs 57 spaced lengthwise of the slide and having mutually facing broad bearing faces over this part to the tending forwardly from the upwardl has journaled in it, from front to rear parallel with the pinion shaft 20, a segment shaft 59 on the rear endv of which is fixed a toothed segment 60 meshing with the pinion 22 of the shaft 20. Also, an arm 61 is fixed on this segment shaft 59, extending upward and having a stud 62 in its upper end. carrying rotatably thereon a block 63 snugly fitting between the lugs 57 of the slide 54, this block 'bein held on the stud 62 by the nut 64 and the washer 64 The arm.61 may thus reciprocate the slide 54 lengthwise while the slide 54, carried by the tool frame 26, oscillates with this frame by1virtue of its support on the link 39 and eccentric spindle extension 24.

A shaft 65 is journaled u right in bearings 66 and 66 in the mid -e part of the The hub 67 has a second shorter arm 72 above the arm 68 and projectin toward the tail end of the lathe into a poc et 73 in the adjacent side of the front-to-rear tool slide 51, before described. This end of the short arm 72 preferably isforked, with a pin 74 passing between the fork members and held in a hole in the tool slide 51.

This last described shaft 65 (Figure 2) extends up past its top bearin 66 and the tool frame 26, and there has xed on it a cam 75. Mounted horizontally in hearings in the upward extension 44 of the tool frame 26, 1s a hub 76 having a rearwardly extendlng arm 77, carrying a roller gages in the groove 79 of the cam 75. Ex-

hub is an arm 80 having on its outer, end a stud 81 extending into a recess in a block 82. This block 82 has a sliding lit in a rearwardly inclined groove 83in the inner side of t e tool slide 46.

,The cams 14 and 14a on the front, and. rear drums 11 and .12- bear against rollers 84 of the rollers 176 with the respective form bars 17a, understood to have lateral surfaces not parallel with the lathe axis.

7 A tool block .85 (Figures 1 and 6) is mounted on the front tool slide 8 and carldes 8 and 10 above mentioned pinion 78 which en- Ill ries the required number of tool holders, in this instance three; two of these holders 86 and 87 being fixed on the tool block 85, and the third and central holder 88 being mounted on aslide 89, sliding in the lower ways 90 of the tool block 85, diagonally from front to rear. Above these ways90 and parallel with the lathe axis is'a second pair of wa s 92 in the block 85, carryin a slide 93. 'l he lower slide 89 carries a r0 er 94 on its top, extending up to bear in a cam slot 95 in the under side of the upper slide 93. Pivoted, by means of a stud 96, to the head end part of this upper slide 93 'is one end of a link 97; and extending forward from the tailstock 3 of the lathe is an arm 98 having in its front end an eye bolt 99, to which the other end of the link 97 is. pivoted by a stud 100.

A second or rear tool holder 101 is mounted on the, rear tool slide 10, and is set inward and outward with this tool slide 10, but

held with the rear saddle 9 against any feed movement parallel with the lathe axis, as before described. The tools 102 and 103 carried by this rear tool holder 101, out chamfers and require no such feeding movement, their feed bein limited by the settin of the form bar 1 a.

n the face of the spindle 5 is mounted a center holder 104, carrying. the center 105. The tailstock 3 carries the center 106 as usual. The eccentric extension 24 of the spindle 5 has an internal web 107, having an opening through which the center 105 projects. A dog or seat 108 is ad'ustably bolted to the web 107 by means 0 lateral feet 109, this'dog or seat being U-shaped in its extension from the web 107. The work A is placed on the centers 105 and 106 and dogged by engagement of its lateral extension B 1n the U-sha ed dog or seat 108,

which is made to fit t is extension. Operation I The piece of work A turns concentrically on the axial line of the spindle 5 of the lathe, while a major portion of the length of the piece is being turned concentrically with said axial line, and at the same time in order to turn the eccentric part, the mounting for the tools doing the eccentric turning must travel in a circular path whose center is different from that of said major portion of the piece of work, and it must be possible to set the tools 48 and 52 inward toward the work and outward away from the work while they are traveling in an orbital path eccentric to the. axial line of the piece of work. How this is done will now be described.

As the rear cam drum 12 turns, the roller 84a held on the bottom of the rear slide 16a and projecting into the cam slot against the cam surface 14a of the drum, moves the slide of the arm 68 in the slide slot 55, turns the upright shaft '65 so as to swing the shoulder arm 72 of this shaft forwardly, moving the slide 51 forward, which thus sets the tool 52 forward to the work A. This turning of the upright shaft 55 turns the cam 75 to raise the rear arm 77 and depress the front arm 80, which by its block 82 in the tool slide 46, moves this tool slide" downward, setting the tool 48 downward to the work A. It is this stage of the operation that is illustrated in the drawings.

It will be understood that the slot in the cam drum 11 may be given such a shape as to afford any desired rate of movement of the tools position, in correct pro rtion to the speed of rotation of the work with the lathe spindle, giving the correct feed and speed for the eccentric turning operation.

The eccentric connection of the carrier 26 in which these tools are thus set or fed to the work, controlled by the rear link connection, maintains thetools 48 and 52 normal to the work, so that the part 0, although eccentric to the other part of the piece A, will be. of true circular form.

During the time the eccentric portion a of the work is being turned, as above described, the concentric portions 5, c, d and e also are being turhed; the taperportion d being turned simultaneously with the eccentric and concentric cylindrical turning operations.

This concentric turning is effected by means of the mechanism driven from the front.

spline shaft 13, by the front cam drum 11 engaging its camsurface 14 with the roller 15 on the lathe bed, thereby moving the entire front housing or saddle 7 toward the head end of the lathe; and by the action of this same cam surface 14 on the roller 84 of the front slide 16, acting by its form bar 17 and the rollers 17 b to set the front tool slide 8 inward toward the work A. The tool blocks 86 and 87 being fixed on the slide 8, turn the cylindrical portions 6, a and c, it being understood that the cam surface 14 and the position of the form bar 17 are such that the tools will be set in by the form bar,

17, which then willhold the tools in, while co-action at the bed roller 15 causes the feed parallel with the lathe axis. 7

The action of the middle tool holder 88 is the same as that of the fixed holder 87, exceptthat the u per slide 93 being held gto the tailstock 3 y the link 97, itscam slot mediate slide and the tool holding slide 7 respectively,said tool holding slide being Q connected eccentrically to said work holder. 3; In turning apparatus, a work holder the linked slide 93; the cam slot being so formed that this movement will be such,

relative to theaxial movement, as to cause the middle tools to'turn the taper of'the part 03 of the work A.'

The rear form bar 17a, moving with the rear plate 18aand co-acting with the roller 17?) on the rear tool slide 10, feeds the rear toolsl02 and 103 inward, making the chainfers on the ends of the parts 12 and a.

It will be understood that the cams 14 and 14a, being rotated mntinuously in correct ratio to the rotation of the spindle 5, the movements just described, and return movements, will be effected automatically upon starting the lathe after each setting of a new piece of work A in the dog or seat 108 and between the centers 105 and 106 by the operator of the lathe.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In turning apparatus, a rotatable'work holder, a tool holder, mechanism movin said tool holder to and from said wor holder eccentrically to the axis of rotation of the work holder, a slide movable across said axis independently of said mechanism, a link supporting said mechanism to oscillate with the eccentric movement of the tool holder, and another tool holder held on said slide and moved across said axis by said slide independently of said mechanism.

2. In turning apparatus, a work holder and a tool-holding slide relatively rotatable and relatively movable across the axis of rotation, and mechanism co-ordinating the relative rotation and relative movement, comprising a shaft, an arm on said shaft, an intermediate slide engaged by'said arm, a second shaft, and arms on said second shaft operatively connected with the interand a plurality of tool-holding slides relatively. rotatable and relatively movable across the axisof rotation, and mechanism co-ordinating the relative rotation and rela-. tive movement, comprising a shaft, an arm on saidshaft, an intermediate slide engaged by said arm, a second shaft, and means on said second shaft engaging with the intermediate alide and the tool-holding slides respectively, said tool holding means being connected eccentrically to said work holder.

4. In turning apparatus, a work holder and a plurality of tool-holding slides relatively rotatable and relatively movable across the axis of rotation, and mechanism coordinating the relative rotation and relative movement, comprising a shaft,- an arm on said shaft, an intermediate slide engaged by said arm, asecond shaft, arms on said second shaft engaging with the intermediate slide and the tool-holding slides respectively, a cam on said second shaft, and a lever operatively connecting said cam with the other tool-holding slide, said tool-holdin means being connected eccentrically to sai work holder.

5. In turning apparatus, a work holder and a tool-holding slide relatively rotatable and relatively movable across the axis of relative rotation, and mechanism co-ordinating the relative rotation and relative movement, a carrier operating in conjunction with said relative rotation to oscillate eccentrically to said relative rotation, mechanism comprising a shaft, an arm on said shaft, an intermediatesli'de engaged by said arm, a second shaft, a tool holding slide and arms on said second shaft engaging with the intermediate slide and the tool holding slide, and an operative connection transmitting motion from said co-ordinating mechanism to said intermediate slide during the osillation of said carrier. holder and simultaneously moving said tool a 6. In turning apparatus, a work holder and a tool-holding slide relatively rotatable and relatively movable across the axis of relative rotation, and mechanism co-ordinating the relative rotation and relative movement, a carrier operating in conjunction with said relative rotation to oscillate eccen- 1 trically to said relative rotation, mechanismcomprising a shaft, an arm on said shaft, an intermediate slide engaged by said arm, a second shaft, a tool holding slide andarms on said second shaft engaging with the intermediate slide and the tool holding slide,

and an operative connection comprising a rack, an arm geared to said rack, and. means rotatable on said arm, and slidable relatively to said intermediate slide in the plane of oscillation of said carrier, transmitting motion from said co-ordinating mechanism to said intermediate slide during the oscillation of said carrier.

7. In turning apparatus, elements to hold work and a tool, respectively, means operatively connecting said elements for relative rotation and relative feeding movement and also for relative oscillation transverse to the axis of relative rotation, and means to cause said oscillation in a circular path eccentric to said axis, comprising members con ected to the respective elements and having mutually engaging surfaces at least one of which surfaces is continuously cylindrical around and eccentric to said axis, the mutual engagement of said surfaces forming a journal bearing confining said members together.

-10 respective elements and havinfg -8. In turning apparatus, elements to hold work and a tool, respectively, means operatively connecting said elements for relative rotation and relative feeding movement 8 transverse to the axis of relative rotation and also for relative oscillation transverse to said axis, and means to cause said oscillation in a circular path eccentric to said axis, comprising members connected to the mutually engaging surfaces at least one which surfaces is continuously cylindrical around and eccentric to said axis, the mutual engagement of said surfaces forming a journal 1 bearing confining said members together.

9. In turning apparatus, a rotatable work holding element, a tool holding element, means operatively connecting said elements for feeding movement ofthe tool holding element and also for oscillation of the tool holding element transverse to the axis of rotation of the work holding element, and means to cause said oscillation in a circular path eccentric to said axis, comprising a I 2 member rotating with the work holding element and a member connected to the tool holding element, said members having mutuall engaging surfaces at least one of whic surfaces is continuously cylindrical all around and eccentric to said axis the mutual engagement of said surfaces forming a journal bearing confining said members together. 10. In turning apparatus, a rotatable work holding element, a plurality of tool holding elements, means operatively con- 7 necting said elements for feeding movements of the tool holding elements in different directions transverse to the axis of rotation of the work holding element and also tively connecting said elements for relative rotation and relativefeeding movement, a link connecting said elements for relative oscillation transverse to the axis of relative rotation, and means to cause said oscillation in a circular path eccentric :-said axis, comprising members connected-etc the respective elements and confined together with mutually engaging surfaces at least one of 'operating work and a'tool, respectively, means opera-j cause said oscillation in a circular path eccentric to said axis, com rising a member rotating with the work-ho ding element and a member connected to the tool holding element and confined together with mutually engaging surfaces at least one of which surfaces is continuously cylindrical around and eccentric to said axis.

13. In turning apparatus, a rotatable work holder tool holders, means supporting one tool holder to be fed in a path fixed relative to the axis of rotation of the work holder, a tool carrier operatively connected to said work holder to oscillate in a circular path eccentric-to said axis, supporting the other tool holder to be fed in a path oscillating with said carrier, and mechanism operatively connectingsaid holders for simultaneous feeding thereof.

14. In' turning apparatus, a rotatable work holder tool holders, means su porting one tool holder to be fed in a path xed relative to the axis of rotation of the work holder, a tool carrier operatively connected to said work holder to oscillate in a circular path eccentric to said axis, supporting the other tool holder to be'fed in a path oscillatin with said carrier, mechanisms feeding t e res ective holders, and a slidingbar th mechanisms.

15. In turning ap aratus, a work holder and a cam operative y connected and rotating on parallel axes, tool holders, means supporting one tool holder to be fed in a path fixed relative to the axis of rotation ofthe work holder 9. tool carrier operatively connected to said work holder to oscillate in a circular path eccentric to said axis, supporting the other'tool holder to be fed in a path oscillating with said carrier, mechanisms feedin the respective holders, and a bar slid by sai cam and operating both mechanisms.

16. In turning agparatus, a rotatable work holder, tool hol ers, means so portin one tool holder to be fed in a path xed re ative to the axis of rotation of the work holder, a tool carrier operatively connected to said work holder to oscillate in a circular path eccentric to said axis, supportin the other tool holder to be fed in a pa oscillating with said carrier, a form bar having a cam surface feeding the holder in the fixed path, and having .rack teeth, a pinion meshing with said rack teeth, and mechanisms on said carrier, operated by said no pinion to feed the tool holder in the oscillating path.

17. In turning apparatus, a support, a work holder rotatably' mounted on said support, an elongated tool carrier, said work holder and one end art of the tool carrier being confined toget er with mutually engaging surfaces at least one of which surfaces is continuously cylindrical around and eccentric to the axis of rotation of said work holder, and means movable on sa 'l support toward and away from said axis, pivotally supporting the opposite end part of said carrier on an axis parallel with said axis of rotation of the work holder.

18. In turning apparatus, a support, a work holder rotatably mounted on said support, an elongated tool carrier, said work holder and 'one end part of the tool carrier being confined together with mutually enaging surfaces at least one of which suraces is continuously cylindrical around and eccentric to the axis of rotation of said work holder, means movable on said support toward and away from said axis,. pivotally supporting the opposite end part of said carrier on an axis parallel with said axis of rotation of the work holder, a tool holder mounted for feeding movement onsaid carrier, mechanism on the carrier, operative to feed said holder, mechanism on the support, and an operative connection between said mechanisms near said opposite end part of the carrier, whereby the mechanism on the support actuates the mechanism on the carrier during the movement of the carrier relative to the support.

19. In turning apparatus, a rotatable work holder, tool holders mounted at opposite sides of the axis of rotation of the work holder, to be fed in paths fixed relative to said axis, a tool carrier mounted at one side of said axis and connected to said work holder for oscillation eccentric to said axis,

tool holder in the oscillating path.

.20. In turning apparatus, a rotatable.

work holder, tool holders mounted at opposite sides of the axis of rotation of the work holder, to be fed in paths fixedrelative to said axis, a tool carrier mounted at one side of said axis and connected to said work holder for oscillation eccentric to said axis, a tool holder mounted on said carrier to be fed in a path oscillating with said carrier, cams rotating on axes parallel with and at opposite sides of said axis, members slidable at the respective sides of said axis by the respective cams, feeding the respective tool holder in 'the fixed paths, and mechanism on said carrier, operatively connected with the slidable member at said one sided said axis, feeding the tool holder in the oscillating path.

' WILLIAM F. GROENE.

ARTHUR w. AUFDERHAR.

its 

